A theory of autism bringing across levels of description

Published on May 14, 2023

Just like a jigsaw puzzle, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex condition that encompasses various aspects. The condition affects a wide range of functions, including social interactions, communication skills, motor behaviors, and sensory processing. Researchers have identified numerous genetic and environmental factors associated with ASD, making it a multifaceted disorder with no definitive cause. Consequently, there are many different theories attempting to explain ASD’s complexities. Some theories focus on psychological factors like weak central coherence and theory of mind, while others explore patterns of brainwide or microcircuit connectivity. Additionally, certain theories highlight the influence of specific neurotransmitters or genetic mutations. Understanding these diverse theories will help us piece together a clearer understanding of ASD’s intricate nature. To delve deeper into this fascinating research, be sure to explore the full article!

ASD is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition of unknown etiology. It impacts a wide range of functions, from social and communicative faculties [1] to motor behaviors [2] and sensory processing [3]. Similarly, a wide range of genetic [4] and environmental [5] factors have been linked to the disorder. As such, there are a great number of theories of ASD, and these are as diverse as the condition itself. Some emphasize psychological descriptions such as weak central coherence (see Glossary) [6] and theory of mind [7], or focus on brainwide [8] or microcircuit [9] connectivity patterns, and still others highlight particular neurotransmitters [10] or genetic mutations [11–13].

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