Scientists have observed that non-human primates have less visible sclera compared to humans, making our eyes a defining feature of our species. This unique characteristic allows others to easily follow our gaze and signals important information during social interactions. By exploring the underlying research on this topic, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the intricate ways in which evolution has shaped our anatomy and behavior. So, let’s delve into the fascinating world of eye-gaze signaling and learn more about the evolution of the human eye!
The human eye characteristically has exposed and uniformly white sclera, which is hypothesized to have evolved to enhance eye-gaze signaling for conspecific communication. Although recent studies have put this hypothesis into question, current morphological and experimental evidence supports its key premise, albeit with recommendations for critical updates.