Combating Alzheimer’s with Photo-Oxygenation for Protein Clearance

Published on June 23, 2022

Just like how shining a light can reveal hidden corners, scientists have discovered that light can also be used as a therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease. In the brains of Alzheimer’s patients, two proteins called tau and amyloid-β (Aβ) clump together, causing damage. Researchers have developed special photocatalysts that, when exposed to light, attach oxygen atoms to these protein aggregates. This process, called photo-oxygenation, not only reduces the toxicity of the aggregates but also prevents them from clumping further. The exciting part is that photo-oxygenation also enhances the brain’s ability to clear out Aβ, providing a new avenue for treatment. In essence, it’s like using a magical flashlight to not only make the clumps disappear but also help clean up the mess they made. This research holds great promise for developing innovative therapies that target the root cause of Alzheimer’s by aiding microglial cells in clearing out the harmful proteins. For more information on this groundbreaking research, check out the full article!

Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with the aggregation of two amyloid proteins: tau and amyloid-β (Aβ). The results of immunotherapies have shown that enhancing the clearance and suppressing the aggregation of these two proteins are effective therapeutic strategies for AD. We have developed photocatalysts that attach oxygen atoms to Aβ and tau aggregates via light irradiation. Photo-oxygenation of these amyloid aggregates reduced their neurotoxicity by suppressing their aggregation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, photo-oxygenation enhanced the clearance of Aβ in the brain and microglial cells. Here, we describe the effects of photo-oxygenation on tau and Aβ aggregation, and the potential of photo-oxygenation as a therapeutic strategy for AD, acting via microglial clearance.

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