Conjunctive or context-invariant coding in the human hippocampus?

Published on May 28, 2025

Concept cells are neurons in the human hippocampal formation with selective and invariant responses to specific individuals or objects. They have been proposed to be the building blocks of episodic memories and show context-invariant coding, in contrast to the conjunctive, context-dependent coding described in other species, with neurons responding to conjunctions of features related to specific memories, significantly changing their firing when varying the context [1,2]. In a recent article in TiCS [3], Kolibius and colleagues proposed a memory model based on ‘index neurons’ and conjunctive coding, linked this model with engram theory, and argued that concept cells arise from index neurons.

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