Metaphors for human fertilization are evolving, study shows

Published on October 3, 2023

Human fertilization has long been described using the metaphor of a competitive race between sperm cells and a passive egg. However, critics argue that this metaphor reinforces traditional gender stereotypes. A recent sociological study explored the use of metaphors in describing human fertilization and found that while the competitive metaphor is still widely used, a more inclusive and gender-egalitarian metaphor is also emerging. Instead of portraying sperm and egg as competitors, this alternative metaphor presents them as two halves of a whole. This shift reflects changing societal views on gender, sex, and sexuality. The study’s findings contribute to our understanding of how cultural beliefs and values influence our language and perceptions. Further research could examine the impact of these evolving metaphors on public attitudes towards reproductive processes and gender roles.

In a common metaphor used to describe human fertilization, sperm cells are competitors racing to penetrate a passive egg. But as critics have noted, the description is also a ‘fairy tale,’ rooted in cultural beliefs about masculinity and femininity. A new study by sociologists provides evidence that this metaphor remains widely used despite the profound shift in recent decades in social and scientific views about gender, sex, and sexuality. But her findings, based on interviews with a diverse sample of 47 individuals, also reveal that a more gender-egalitarian metaphor is circulating that describes sperm and egg as two halves of a whole.

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