What are large language models supposed to model?

Published on September 1, 2023

Do large language models (LLMs) offer a window into how humans process language? Contemplating the intricate relationship between artificial and biological minds is like unravelling a complex puzzle. There are multiple ways to interpret LLMs as hypotheses about humans, each with its own unique perspective. The role of (psycho)linguistic theory is crucial in this quest for comprehension. Think of it as a guiding compass that helps us navigate through the vast universe of language processing. By studying LLMs, we can gain insights into the mechanisms behind human language understanding and generation. These models serve as powerful tools, allowing us to investigate various linguistic phenomena and identify potential neural mechanisms at play. Exploring the research further will open up new avenues for discovering how these fascinating computational systems can shed light on the mysteries of human language.

Do large language models (LLMs) constitute a computational account of how humans process language? And if so, what is the role of (psycho)linguistic theory in understanding the relationship between artificial and biological minds? The answer depends on choosing among several, fundamentally distinct ways of interpreting these models as hypotheses about humans.

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