Shining a Light on Dementia: How Biophotonic Activities Illuminate Cognitive Impairment

Published on September 1, 2023

Imagine your brain as a bustling city, with neurons firing away like busy streets. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), however, this city undergoes some dramatic changes. A team of scientists used a cutting-edge imaging system to uncover the impact of these diseases on biophotonic activities, or the light signals emitted by synapses and neural circuits. They discovered that these activities were significantly reduced and shifted towards the blue end of the spectrum in AD and VaD model animals. By blocking a specific receptor involved in these changes, they were able to partially reverse them. This study suggests that AD and VaD both affect how our brain processes and transmits signals, shedding light on the importance of biophotonics for advanced cognitive functions.

BackgroundAlthough clinically, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two major types of dementia, it is unclear whether the biophotonic activities associated with cognitive impairments in these diseases share common pathological features.MethodsWe used the ultraweak biophoton imaging system (UBIS) and synaptosomes prepared by modified percoll method to directly evaluate the functional changes in synapses and neural circuits in AD and VaD model animals.ResultsWe found that biophotonic activities induced by glutamate were significantly reduced and spectral blueshifted in synaptosomes and brain slices. These changes could be partially reversed by pre-perfusion of the ifenprodil, a specific antagonist of the GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs).ConclusionOur findings suggest that AD and VaD pathology present similar but complex changes in biophotonic activities and transmission at synapses and neural circuits, implying that communications and information processing of biophotonic signals in the brain are crucial for advanced cognitive functions.

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