Imagine your gut as a bustling city, where a diverse community of microbes interacts with the local infrastructure to influence your brain. In a recent study, researchers explored the role of the gut-brain axis in cognitive impairments, specifically Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). By investigating the composition of gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function, and systemic inflammation in patients with AD, MCI, and normal cognitive function, they discovered fascinating connections. Compared to individuals with normal cognition, those with cognitive impairments had a different balance of gut microbes and exhibited signs of intestinal barrier dysfunction. Certain bacterial species were associated with improved cognitive scores and lower levels of endotoxins. These findings suggest that gut microbial dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction could be implicated in cognitive decline. The study opens a new door to understanding how the gut microbiome can impact our brain health.
BackgroundGut-brain axis might play an important role in cognitive impairments by various diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD).ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in gut microbial composition, intestinal barrier function, and systemic inflammation in patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal control (NC) cases.MethodsA total of 118 subjects (45 AD, 38 MCI, and 35 NC) were recruited. Cognitive function was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). Functional ability was assessed using Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL). The composition of gut microbiome was examined by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) was used to predict functional transfer of gut microbiota. Gut barrier dysfunction was evaluated by measuring the levels of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (DA), and endotoxin (ET). The serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level was used to indicate systemic inflammation.ResultsCompared with normal controls, patients with cognitive impairments (AD and MCI) had lower abundance of Dorea and higher levels of DAO, DA, and ET. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) results showed that the pathways related to glycan biosynthesis and metabolism increased in MCI patients, while the ones related to membrane transport decreased. The abundance of Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium was negatively correlated with the content of ET, and positively correlated with the scores of MMSE and MoCA. The hs-CRP levels were similar among the three groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between the severity of gut barrier dysfunction and cognitive function.ConclusionCognitive impairments might be associated with gut microbial dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Dr. David Lowemann, M.Sc, Ph.D., is a co-founder of the Institute for the Future of Human Potential, where he leads the charge in pioneering Self-Enhancement Science for the Success of Society. With a keen interest in exploring the untapped potential of the human mind, Dr. Lowemann has dedicated his career to pushing the boundaries of human capabilities and understanding.
Armed with a Master of Science degree and a Ph.D. in his field, Dr. Lowemann has consistently been at the forefront of research and innovation, delving into ways to optimize human performance, cognition, and overall well-being. His work at the Institute revolves around a profound commitment to harnessing cutting-edge science and technology to help individuals lead more fulfilling and intelligent lives.
Dr. Lowemann’s influence extends to the educational platform BetterSmarter.me, where he shares his insights, findings, and personal development strategies with a broader audience. His ongoing mission is shaping the way we perceive and leverage the vast capacities of the human mind, offering invaluable contributions to society’s overall success and collective well-being.
