But what happens behind the scenes as our brain swiftly evaluates potential threats? How does it make split-second decisions that can mean the difference between staying safe or being in harm’s way? Further exploration into the human sensory cortex has revealed fascinating insights into these questions. Scientists have discovered that not only is the amygdala involved, but other regions of the sensory cortex also play a crucial role in fast and precise threat evaluation.
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The neural basis of threat processing (e.g., threat evaluation, detection, and identification as well as defensive responses) is an important and enduring topic in cognitive neuroscience. By the end of the past century, the amygdala had catapulted onto the center stage of theories of threat processing, through a series of seminal studies and influential reviews [1–3]. The enormous success of this pioneering work has led to large swaths of basic, translational, and clinical research targeting the amygdala in threat processing and fear-related disorders.