Imagine the brain as a bustling city, with different neighborhoods representing stages of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. In these neighborhoods, we have two troublemakers: β-amyloid and α-synuclein proteins. But here’s the twist – these troublemakers also have some hidden talents, like being able to fight off microbes! Scientists believe that these diseases may be influenced by microbial activity, including bacteria that we typically associate with gum disease. To investigate further, researchers used a fancy technique called high resolution 16S rRNA gene Next Generation Sequencing (16SNGS) to study the bacterial composition in different brain areas affected by AD and PD. What they found is fascinating! Bacteria were present throughout the brain, with each neighborhood having its own unique mix. Surprisingly, the early disease area showed distinct differences in bacterial content compared to later stages. This suggests that microbes might contribute differently at different stages of these diseases. Curious to know more? Dive into the research to explore the complex relationship between the brain and its microbial residents!
IntroductionAlzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are neurodegenerative conditions characterized by incremental deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) and α-synuclein in AD and PD brain, respectively, in relatively conserved patterns. Both are associated with neuroinflammation, with a proposed microbial component for disease initiation and/or progression. Notably, Aβ and α-synuclein have been shown to possess antimicrobial properties. There is evidence for bacterial presence within the brain, including the oral pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis, with cognitive impairment and brain pathology being linked to periodontal (gum) disease and gut dysbiosis.MethodsHere, we use high resolution 16S rRNA PCR-based Next Generation Sequencing (16SNGS) to characterize bacterial composition in brain areas associated with the early, intermediate and late-stage of the diseases.Results and discussionThis study reveals the widespread presence of bacteria in areas of the brain associated with AD and PD pathology, with distinctly different bacterial profiles in blood and brain. Brain area profiles were overall somewhat similar, predominantly oral, with some bacteria subgingival and oronasal in origin, and relatively comparable profiles in AD and PD brain. However, brain areas associated with early disease development, such as the locus coeruleus, were substantially different in bacterial DNA content compared to areas affected later in disease etiology.
Dr. David Lowemann, M.Sc, Ph.D., is a co-founder of the Institute for the Future of Human Potential, where he leads the charge in pioneering Self-Enhancement Science for the Success of Society. With a keen interest in exploring the untapped potential of the human mind, Dr. Lowemann has dedicated his career to pushing the boundaries of human capabilities and understanding.
Armed with a Master of Science degree and a Ph.D. in his field, Dr. Lowemann has consistently been at the forefront of research and innovation, delving into ways to optimize human performance, cognition, and overall well-being. His work at the Institute revolves around a profound commitment to harnessing cutting-edge science and technology to help individuals lead more fulfilling and intelligent lives.
Dr. Lowemann’s influence extends to the educational platform BetterSmarter.me, where he shares his insights, findings, and personal development strategies with a broader audience. His ongoing mission is shaping the way we perceive and leverage the vast capacities of the human mind, offering invaluable contributions to society’s overall success and collective well-being.
