ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine whether osteoporosis (OP) is associated with Alzheimer’s disease-related cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and brain structures among older people.MethodsFrom the Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative database, we grouped participants according to the OP status (OP+/OP−) and compared the Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related CSF biomarker levels and the regional brain structural volumes between the two groups using multivariable models. These models were adjusted for covariates including age, education, gender, diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, and apolipoprotein E4 carrier status.ResultsIn the cross-sectional analyses at baseline, OP was related to higher CSF t-tau (total tau) and p-tau181 (tau phosphorylated at threonine-181) but not to CSF amyloid-beta (1–42) or the volumes of entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In the longitudinal analyses, OP was not associated with the change in the three CSF biomarkers over time but was linked to a faster decline in the size of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus.ConclusionOP was associated with elevated levels of CSF t-tau and p-tau181 at baseline, and accelerated entorhinal cortex and hippocampal atrophies over time among older people.
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Dr. David Lowemann, M.Sc, Ph.D., is a co-founder of the Institute for the Future of Human Potential, where he leads the charge in pioneering Self-Enhancement Science for the Success of Society. With a keen interest in exploring the untapped potential of the human mind, Dr. Lowemann has dedicated his career to pushing the boundaries of human capabilities and understanding.
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