Using Brain Scans to Predict Alzheimer’s Disease

Published on June 2, 2022

Just like a detective analyzing clues to solve a mystery, scientists have developed a new deep learning model that can predict whether individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are likely to progress to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This cutting-edge method utilizes structural MRI scans of the brain to identify early signs of AD, allowing for early intervention and treatment. The researchers used a convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze 3D MRI images from the ADNI database. They tested three different models, including one built from scratch and two pre-trained models, VGG-16 and ResNet-50, which acted as powerful detective companions. By extracting features from the MRI images and employing a specially designed classifier, the deep learning model was able to accurately classify individuals into normal, MCI, or AD categories. This groundbreaking research could revolutionize the field of neurology and pave the way for personalized treatment options for those at risk of developing AD.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurological disorder that affects the vast majority of dementia cases, leading patients to experience gradual memory loss and cognitive function decline. Despite the lack of a cure, early detection of Alzheimer’s disease permits the provision of preventive medication to slow the disease’s progression. The objective of this project is to develop a computer-aided method based on a deep learning model to distinguish Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from cognitively normal and its early stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), by just using structural MRI (sMRI). To attain this purpose, we proposed a multiclass classification method based on 3D T1-weight brain sMRI images from the ADNI database. Axial brain images were extracted from 3D MRI and fed into the convolutional neural network (CNN) for multiclass classification. Three separate models were tested: a CNN built from scratch, VGG-16, and ResNet-50. As a feature extractor, the VGG-16 and ResNet-50 convolutional bases trained on the ImageNet dataset were employed. To achieve classification, a new densely connected classifier was implemented on top of the convolutional bases.

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