Contrary to the Gospel, Ravens Do Plan Flexibly

Published on April 19, 2018

The Gospel of Luke proclaims that ravens do not plan for the future; instead, God provides for them. However, in a recent study (Box 1) we showed that ravens are capable of domain-general planning, also called flexible planning, which we define as making decisions about futures outside one’s current sensory scope in domains for which one is not predisposed [1]. We subjected ravens to two such domains – token exchange with humans and tool use – that have also been studied with great apes and monkeys (e.g.

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